Forward Deployed Engineering

FDE has become a hot role in tech — here are the lessons we learned from scaling it at Ramp to win enterprise.

Leo Mehr
13 min readintermediate
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Overview

This article explores the rise of Forward Deployed Engineering (FDE) as a strategic role in B2B tech companies, tracing its origins from Palantir to its current adoption across companies like OpenAI, Anthropic, Databricks, and Ramp. It covers Ramp's experience building and scaling their FDE team from 2 to 16 engineers, including their operating model, core principles, and hiring philosophy for customer-facing engineering roles.

What You'll Learn

1

What Forward Deployed Engineering is and how it originated at Palantir before spreading across the B2B tech industry

2

Why enterprise-focused B2B companies need FDE teams and how they drive faster growth rates

3

How to structure an FDE team's operating model around the customer lifecycle from sales to long-tail support

4

How to apply core FDE principles like 'always be scoping' and balancing generalization vs. quick fixes

5

How to hire effective FDEs by evaluating drive, engineering fundamentals, customer empathy, and communication skills

Prerequisites & Requirements

  • Understanding of B2B SaaS business models and enterprise software sales
  • Familiarity with software engineering team structures and roles
  • Basic understanding of enterprise customer lifecycle (sales, implementation, support)(optional)

Key Questions Answered

What is a Forward Deployed Engineer and where did the role originate?
Forward Deployed Engineering was created by Palantir after its founding in 2003 for software engineers literally deployed at military sites and customer offices. The role allows engineers to work extremely closely with customers, understand their problems, and iterate quickly. It has since spread to companies like Scale AI, C3.ai, Databricks, Snowflake, OpenAI, Anthropic, and Ramp.
Why is Forward Deployed Engineering growing so fast in 2025?
FDE is growing because the largest B2B SaaS businesses win in enterprise, where the average CAGR is 29.6% compared to 15.2% for non-enterprise companies. Enterprise customers have complex legacy systems requiring deep customization and integration. B2B businesses must deliver outcomes, not just software, and FDE teams provide the engineering capability to integrate, customize, and implement at the quality level enterprise demands.
How should an FDE team be structured around the customer lifecycle?
FDE teams should work with customers through their entire lifecycle: from when they are prospects in the sales funnel, to implementation and rollout, to long-tail support. This maintains context about each customer for relationship continuity, enables early scoping to reduce complexity, and keeps the team accountable for long-term customer success rather than just closing deals or completing implementation.
What are the core principles of a successful FDE team?
Ramp's FDE team operates on four principles: (1) Always be scoping — question every requirement and find workarounds to prevent multi-month mega-projects, (2) Generalize work — build scalable features instead of ad-hoc customizations when possible, (3) Do more — maintain high pace and iteration with extreme ownership of outcomes, and (4) Win when customers win — tie team metrics to customer and business outcomes.
What should you look for when hiring Forward Deployed Engineers?
Ramp evaluates FDE candidates on four axes: drive and work ethic (the single best predictor of real-world performance), engineering fundamentals (a bar to pass but not over-optimized for perfection), customer empathy (ability to handle tense situations and negotiate scope), and great communication (clear, compelling, and cross-functional). Notably, 7 of Ramp's 16 FDEs are previous founders.
How does scoping save engineering time in FDE?
By talking directly to customers and questioning all requirements, FDE teams prevent unnecessary engineering work. Ramp shares an example where a customer was blocked by a feature gap estimated at 3 days of engineering work, but a direct call revealed a workaround that eliminated the need entirely. They report countless stories of preventing days or even weeks of engineering work through deep requirement questioning and creative workarounds.
When should FDE teams build generalized features vs. quick customer-specific hacks?
This tension between 'always be scoping' (reduce scope, ship the MVP) and 'generalize our work' (build for hundreds of customers) is where the taste and skill of an FDE are crucial. The team prefers general features because good interfaces and platforms make software powerful and scalable, while ad-hoc customizations pollute the codebase, increase entropy, and decrease maintainability over time.
How should FDE teams prioritize their work?
Ramp's FDE team follows a three-tier prioritization: (1) Serve existing customers well — the product must work for enterprise customers to enable growth and mitigate churn, (2) Increase efficiency of onboarding and activating new customers — implementation is usually the bottleneck on scaling, and (3) Expand product capabilities to increase TAM — proactively identify product gaps and invest in new capabilities to fuel faster growth.

Key Statistics & Figures

Ramp FDE team growth
2 to 16 FDEs
Team grew nearly 10x over approximately 1.5 years since fall 2023
Average CAGR of enterprise-focused B2B SaaS companies
29.6%
Compound annual growth rate of enterprise-focused group among the largest B2B SaaS businesses
Average CAGR of non-enterprise B2B SaaS companies
15.2%
Compound annual growth rate of the non-enterprise group among the largest B2B SaaS businesses
FDEs with founder experience
7 out of 16
Nearly half of Ramp's FDE team are previous founders

Technologies & Tools

AI Development Tool
Cursor
Used by Ramp's FDE team for AI-assisted coding
AI Development Tool
Claude Code
Used by Ramp's FDE team for AI-assisted development
AI/ML
Genai
Projects across all FDE pods to build platform functionality for enterprise customers

Key Actionable Insights

1
Map your FDE team to the full customer lifecycle rather than siloing by function. Engineers should work with customers from the sales funnel through implementation to long-tail support, maintaining context and continuity throughout. This prevents knowledge loss during handoffs and ensures engineers understand the full picture of customer needs.
Ramp found that lifecycle mapping enables early scoping, better relationships, and accountability for long-term success rather than just hitting implementation milestones.
2
Adopt the 'always be scoping' mentality by having engineers talk directly to customers and question every requirement before building. Many customer requests can be solved with workarounds, reduced scope, or creative alternatives that save days or weeks of engineering effort.
Ramp shares a specific example where a 3-day estimated feature gap was eliminated entirely by hopping on a call and finding a workaround. This principle prevents the common anti-pattern of mega-projects that lag behind schedule.
3
When hiring FDEs, prioritize drive and work ethic above technical perfection. Candidates who performed just okay in coding interviews can become incredible FDEs if they have hustle, ownership, and customer empathy. AI tooling makes it easier than ever to learn and execute on technical problems.
Ramp explicitly states drive is the single best predictor of real-world FDE performance. They also look for signals like previous founder experience (7 of 16 FDEs are former founders), teaching experience, and roles enabling others.
4
Balance generalization against quick customer fixes with deliberate judgment. Prefer building general features and platforms because ad-hoc customizations pollute the codebase, increase entropy, and decrease maintainability — but recognize that sometimes the MVP hack is the right choice to unblock a customer quickly.
This tension between scoping down and building scalable solutions is described as where the 'taste and skill' of an FDE are most crucial, requiring constant judgment calls.
5
Follow a three-tier prioritization for your FDE team: first serve existing customers well to prevent churn and generate positive references, then increase onboarding efficiency since implementation is typically the enterprise bottleneck, and finally expand product capabilities to grow your TAM.
Ramp developed this prioritization hierarchy as their team grew from a small firefighting squad into a structured organization, moving from 'falling behind' to 'innovating' on Will Larson's model of team states.
6
Leverage AI tools like Cursor and Claude Code to accelerate FDE team output. Use GenAI projects to build platform functionality that scales your ability to serve complex enterprise customer needs, rather than relying solely on manual engineering effort.
Ramp's FDE team describes AI as a crucial part of their recent growth, with GenAI projects deployed across all of their pods to build platform functionality.

Common Pitfalls

1
Taking customer requirements at face value without questioning them leads to scoping mega-projects that take months to deliver, lag behind schedule, and frustrate everyone — the customer, the AE/CSM, the PMs, and the engineers. This is a lose-lose situation that occurs all too often in B2B companies.
Ramp prevents this by having FDEs talk directly to customers and question all requirements. In one case, a 3-day estimated feature gap was completely eliminated through a workaround discovered on a customer call.
2
Building ad-hoc customizations for individual customers instead of generalized solutions pollutes the codebase, increases entropy, and decreases maintainability over time. While it may feel faster in the moment, it creates compounding technical debt.
FDE teams should prefer building general features and platforms because good interfaces are what make software powerful and scalable. The judgment of when to generalize vs. when to hack is a core FDE skill.
3
Over-indexing on technical perfection when hiring FDEs causes you to miss candidates who would excel in the role. Candidates who scored 'just okay' in coding interviews turned out to be incredible FDEs because they had drive, hustled, learned quickly, and shipped a ton.
Ramp validates engineering fundamentals as a bar to pass but avoids optimizing further. AI tooling makes it easier than ever to learn and execute on technical problems, so drive and customer empathy matter more.
4
Segregating engineers from customers as the organization grows naturally reduces customer empathy and understanding across the engineering org. This leads to products that don't meet enterprise needs and slower feedback loops on what matters.
FDE creates a conduit for bringing customer-first mentality into the engineering org. Engineers and PMs across the organization are often interested to learn from the FDE team's experience serving the largest and most complex customers.

Related Concepts

Enterprise B2b Saas Strategy
Customer Success Engineering
Solutions Engineering
Will Larson's Model Of Team States
Services-led Growth
Service-as-software
Extreme Ownership
Customer Lifecycle Management
Technical Scoping And Requirements Gathering
Ai-assisted Software Development
Product-market Fit In Enterprise
Unreasonable Hospitality
Frank Slootman's Amp It Up Philosophy